Published: 04 October 2023
Researchers: Zachary D. Gassoumis PhD, Julia M. Martinez PhD, Jeanine Yonashiro-Cho PhD, Laura Mosqueda MD, AGSF, Anthony Hou MD, S. Duke Han PhD, Bonnie Olsen PhD, Anat Louis PsyD, Marie-Therese Connolly JD, Kylie Meyer PhD, Kelly Marnfeldt MSG, Sheila A. Salinas Navarro MPA, Mengzhao Yan MA, Kathleen H. Wilber PhD
Abstract:
Background
Elder mistreatment (EM) harms individuals, families, communities, and society as a whole. Yet research on interventions is lagging, and no rigorous studies demonstrating effective prevention have been published. This pilot study examines whether a first-of-its-kind coaching intervention reduced the experience of EM among older adults with chronic health conditions, including dementia.
Methods
We used a double-blind, randomized controlled trial to test a strengths-based person-centered caregiver support intervention, developed from evidence-based approaches used in other types of family violence. Participants (n = 80), family caregivers of older adults who were members of Kaiser Permanente, completed surveys at baseline, post-test, and 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome was caregiver-reported EM; additional proximal outcomes were caregiver burden, quality-of-life, anxiety, and depression. Nonparametric tests (Mann–Whitney U, Fisher’s Exact, Wilcoxon Signed Rank, and McNemar’s) were used to make comparisons between treatment and control groups and across time points.
Results
The treatment group had no EM after intervention completion (assessed at 3-month follow-up), a significantly lower rate than the control group (treatment = 0%, control = 23.1%, p = 0.010).
Conclusions
In this pilot study, we found that the COACH caregiver support intervention successfully reduced EM of persons living with chronic illness, including dementia. Next steps will include: (1) testing the intervention’s mechanism in a fully powered RCT and (2) scaling the intervention for testing in a variety of care delivery systems.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.18597